A mess, chaos, a disaster.
Describes traffic, politics, a messy room, or a complicated situation. "Se armó un quilombo" means it all kicked off. Extremely common and mildly crude but unremarkable in everyday Argentine speech.
From Kimbundu, an Angolan language — a quilombo was a settlement of escaped enslaved people in Brazil. In the Río de la Plata the word drifted through "brothel" to its current meaning of total disorder.
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